I also wrote this for International Political Economy, in response to another student’s post suggesting a litany of policies to make the market for oil “more fair.”‘
While I initially agreed with your post with regards to considering consumer interests more than demonizing oil companies, your post quickly turned down a road I don’t want to go down and some of your suggestions would actually turn out harming oil companies and consumers.
You are right that government price controls and special taxes would be a mistake because attempting to harm a company’s bottom line is only going to lead to the customer paying for it through a higher price.
While the U.S. does have huge oil reserves, it also has many sources of oil that environmental groups have pressured politicians in Washington to ignore. These include the portion of the Arctic Nation Wildlife Reserve that was set aside by Congress for oil exploration and would only have an ecological footprint the size of Dulles Airport! Also, the United States is not drilling offshore in many places (such as along Florida’s coast) that could also help increase oil supply while other countries have jumped at the opportunity to do the same thing not far from our shores (a Chinese company recently snagged some oil-rich waters, for example).
You are right that it is a problem of demand and not supply, but increasing supply to meet the increased demand could only help oil prices.
Your next argument, for Congress to rescind all existing tax breaks for the oil industry, would ironically enough also harm oil companies though you advocated a different approach in your first paragraph. Once again, attempting to hit the companies where it hurts (the wallet) will only be passed along to the consumer in the form of higher prices.
Then you go even further off the deep-end with increased government regulation of the industry with a call for a windfall profits tax. As much as people love to demonize the big bad oil companies for their “outrageous” profits, if you look at their profit margins they average about 8-10%, meaning for every dollar the company spends they get back 8-10 cents on that dollar. This is not an unreasonable profit margin and is lower than other industries; for example pharmaceutical companies have margins much higher, around 20%. And yet again, taxing “windfall” profits will only end up hurting the consumer in the end and will not serve to help the situation but to harm it.
The market for oil may not be fair with regards to the cartel of OPEC manipulating oil prices, but to suggest that we need more regulation on the domestic industry because it isn’t “free” or “fair” is counterproductive. Politicians would do well to decrease, rather than increase, government regulation of the industry so the market can be more free. A more free market benefits the consumer and allows for competition and innovative research.